Conduct problems among middle adolescents in the community settings: A concept analysis
PDF
XML

Keywords

adolescents
criminal
conduct problems
parents
concept analysis

How to Cite

Saputra, F., Uthis, P., & Sukratul, S. (2023). Conduct problems among middle adolescents in the community settings: A concept analysis. Belitung Nursing Journal, 9(4), 293–301. https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.2670
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar

Link to Google Scholar

Funder - Crossref Registry

Related articles in
PubMed Central | PubMed


Search Relations - Article by Author(s)

Share this article on:

Abstract

Background: Adolescent problem behavior in research and practice has been traditionally categorized as Oppositional Deviant Disorder and Conduct Disorder. However, a significant number of adolescents remain underdiagnosed. To address this issue, the term “Conduct Problem” has emerged as a commonly used descriptor for those who have not yet received a formal diagnosis, particularly within the community. It is crucial for nurses to comprehend the characteristics of these conduct problems to address them effectively.

Objective: This concept analysis aimed to clarify the concept of conduct problems among adolescents aged 14 to 16, specifically within community settings.

Methods: The concept analysis followed Walker and Avant’s approach. The usage of the concept was examined in five databases (PsyINFO, ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus), which yielded 41 relevant studies for comprehensive analysis.

Results: The identified attributes of conduct problems in adolescents included oppositional problems, antisocial problems, and criminal-related problems. These conduct problems were found to have antecedents stemming from personal, parental, and environmental factors. Furthermore, the consequences of conduct problems significantly impacted both middle adolescents and their parents.

Conclusion: The findings of this concept analysis contribute to a better comprehension of the concept of conduct problems among middle adolescents in community settings. The insights gained from this analysis will assist in using this term more effectively in research and nursing practice, ultimately leading to improved care and support for affected adolescents and their families.

https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.2670
PDF
XML

Supporting Agencies

Graduate Scholarship Program for ASEAN and Non-ASEAN Countries, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand

Copyright

Copyright (c) 2023 Fauzan Saputra, Penpaktr Uthis, Sunisa Sukratul

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Article Metrics

Total views 616 [Abstract: 279 | PDF: 325 | XML: 12 ]

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

PlumX Metrics

Declaration of Conflicting Interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest in this study.

Funding

Graduate Scholarship Program for ASEAN and Non-ASEAN Countries, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. Recipient: Fauzan Saputra.

Acknowledgment

The authors acknowledge the Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, for the support.

Author’s Contribution

All authors met the authorship criteria, were accountable at every study’s stage, and approved the final version of the manuscript to be published.

Ethical Consideration

Ethical approval for this article is not applicable. This paper is a part of the dissertation of the first author (FS) entitled “A path analysis of aggression among middle adolescents with conduct problems in the community, Indonesia.”

Data Availability

All data generated or analyzed during the concept analysis are included in this published article.


References

Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2011). Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms & profiles. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & Families.

American Psychiatric Association [APA]. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5TM) (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.

Andreou, D., Comasco, E., Åslund, C., Nilsson, K. W., & Hodgins, S. (2018). Maltreatment, the oxytocin receptor gene, and conduct problems among male and female teenagers. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00112

Andretta, J. R., Worrell, F. C., Watkins, K. M., Sutton, R. M., Thompson, A. D., & Woodland, M. H. (2019). Race and stereotypes matter when you ask about conduct problems: Implications for violence risk assessment in juvenile justice settings. Journal of Black Psychology, 45(1), 26-51. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798418821278

Bares, C. B., Chartier, K. G., Karriker-Jaffe, K. J., Aliev, F., Mustanski, B., & Dick, D. (2020). Exploring how family and neighborhood stressors influence genetic risk for adolescent conduct problems and alcohol use. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 49, 1365-1378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-01098-9

Bégin, V., Déry, M., & Le Corff, Y. (2020). Developmental associations between psychopathic traits and childhood-onset conduct problems. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 42, 191-202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-019-09779-2

Biederman, J., Petty, C. R., Dolan, C., Hughes, S., Mick, E., Monuteaux, M. C., & Faraone, S. V. (2008). The long-term longitudinal course of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder in ADHD boys: Findings from a controlled 10-year prospective longitudinal follow-up study. Psychological Medicine, 38(7), 1027-1036. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291707002668

Bjertnaes, A. A., Fossum, I. N., Oma, I., Bakken, K. S., Arne, T., & Holten-Andersen, M. N. (2020). A cross-sectional study of the relationship between mental health problems and overweight and obesity in adolescents. Frontiers in Public Health, 334. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00334

Blakey, R., Morgan, C., Gayer-Anderson, C., Davis, S., Beards, S., Harding, S., Pinfold, V., Bhui, K., Knowles, G., & Viding, E. (2021). Prevalence of conduct problems and social risk factors in ethnically diverse inner-city schools. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 849. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10834-5

Bordin, I. A., Handegård, B. H., Paula, C. S., Duarte, C. S., & Rønning, J. A. (2022). Home, school, and community violence exposure and emotional and conduct problems among low-income adolescents: The moderating role of age and sex. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 57(1), 95-110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-021-02143-4

Brandt, V., Kerner auch Koerner, J., & Palmer-Cooper, E. (2019). The association of non-obscene socially inappropriate behavior with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, conduct problems, and risky decision making in a large sample of adolescents. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00660

Brunborg, G. S., & Burdzovic Andreas, J. (2019). Increase in time spent on social media is associated with modest increase in depression, conduct problems, and episodic heavy drinking. Journal of Adolescence, 74(1), 201-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.06.013

Burt, S. A., Clark, D. A., Pearson, A. L., Klump, K. L., & Neiderhiser, J. M. (2020). Do neighborhood social processes moderate the etiology of youth conduct problems? Psychological Medicine, 50(9), 1519-1529. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291719001521

Cardinale, E. M., O'Connell, K., Robertson, E. L., Meena, L. B., Breeden, A. L., Lozier, L. M., VanMeter, J. W., & Marsh, A. A. (2019). Callous and uncaring traits are associated with reductions in amygdala volume among youths with varying levels of conduct problems. Psychological Medicine, 49(9), 1449-1458. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718001927

Catone, G., Almerico, L., Pezzella, A., Riccio, M. P., Bravaccio, C., Bernardo, P., Muratori, P., Pascotto, A., Pisano, S., & Senese, V. P. (2021). The relation of callous–unemotional traits and bullying in early adolescence is independent from sex and age and moderated by conduct problems. Brain Sciences, 11(8), 1059. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081059

Crum, K. I., Cornacchio, D., Coxe, S., Greif Green, J., & Comer, J. S. (2017). Conduct problems among Boston-area youth following the 2013 marathon bombing: the moderating role of prior violent crime exposure. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 46(3), 343-352. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2015.1077450

Dadds, M. R., Sicouri, G., Piotrowska, P. J., Collins, D. A. J., Hawes, D. J., Moul, C., Lenroot, R. K., Frick, P. J., Anderson, V., Kimonis, E. R., & Tully, L. A. (2019). Keeping parents involved: Predicting attrition in a self-directed, online program for childhood conduct problems. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 48(6), 881-893. http://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2018.1485109

Defoe, I. N., Khurana, A., Betancourt, L. M., Hurt, H., & Romer, D. (2019). Disentangling longitudinal relations between youth cannabis use, peer cannabis use, and conduct problems: developmental cascading links to cannabis use disorder. Addiction, 114(3), 485-493. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14456

Dhamayanti, M., Peryoga, S. U., & Firmansyah, M. R. (2018). Emotional mental problems among adolescents: urban and semi-urban settings. Althea Medical Journal, 5(2), 77-81. https://doi.org/10.15850/amj.v5n2.1416

Djaya, A. S., Noor, I. M., & Achadi, A. (2019). Description of emotion and behavior problems among urban children and adolescents in West Jakarta. The 5th International Conference on Public Health, Best Western Premier Hotel, Solo, Indonesia.

El Asam, A., Samara, M., & Terry, P. (2019). Problematic internet use and mental health among British children and adolescents. Addictive Behaviors, 90, 428-436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.09.007

Fanti, K. A., Kyranides, M. N., Petridou, M., Demetriou, C. A., & Georgiou, G. (2018). Neurophysiological markers associated with heterogeneity in conduct problems, callous unemotional traits, and anxiety: Comparing children to young adults. Developmental Psychology, 54(9), 1634-1649. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000505

Fergusson, D., Boden, J., & Hayne, H. (2009). Childhood conduct problems. In P. D. Gluckman (Ed.), Improving the transition: Reducing social and psychological morbidity during adolescence. Office of the Prime Minister's Science Advisory Committee.

Ghandour, R. M., Sherman, L. J., Vladutiu, C. J., Ali, M. M., Lynch, S. E., Bitsko, R. H., & Blumberg, S. J. (2019). Prevalence and treatment of depression, anxiety, and conduct problems in US children. The Journal of Pediatrics, 206, 256-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.09.021

Ghanizadeh, A. (2015). Conduct behaviors and oppositional defiant behaviors in children and adolescents with ADHD. Postgraduate Medicine, 127(3), 289-294. https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.2015.996434

Goodman, R. (1997). The strengths and difficulties questionnaire: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38(5), 581-586. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x

Gutman, L. M. (2019). Do conduct problem pathways differ for black and minority ethnic children in the UK? An examination of trajectories from early childhood to adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48(10), 1967-1979. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-01116-w

Hawes, S. W., Pacheco-Colón, I., Megan Ross, J., & Gonzalez, R. (2020). Adolescent cannabis use and conduct problems: The mediating influence of callous-unemotional traits. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 18, 613-627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-9958-9

Hogue, A., Henderson, C. E., & Schmidt, A. T. (2017). Multidimensional predictors of treatment outcome in usual care for adolescent conduct problems and substance use. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 44(3), 380-394. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-016-0724-7

Hosseinkhani, Z., Parsaeian, M., Hassanabadi, H.-R., Alinesaei, Z., & Nedjat, S. (2021). Mental health problems and the associated family and school factors in adolescents: A multilevel analysis. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 16(1), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.18502%2Fijps.v16i1.5373

Idris, I. B., Barlow, J., & Dolan, A. (2019). A longitudinal study of emotional and behavioral problems among Malaysian school children. Annals of Global Health, 85(1), 30. https://doi.org/10.5334%2Faogh.2336

Kawabe, K., Horiuchi, F., Uno, H., Nakachi, K., Hosokawa, R., Oka, Y., & Ueno, S.-I. (2021). Parent-adolescent agreement on adolescents’ emotional and behavioral problems assessed by the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Global Pediatric Health, 8, 2333794X211001245. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X211001245

Kersten, L., Vriends, N., Steppan, M., Raschle, N. M., Praetzlich, M., Oldenhof, H., Vermeiren, R., Jansen, L., Ackermann, K., & Bernhard, A. (2017). Community violence exposure and conduct problems in children and adolescents with conduct disorder and healthy controls. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 11, 219. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00219

Kewley, G. D. (1999). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Recognition, reality and resolution (1st ed.). London: David Fulton Publishers. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203065563

Keyes, K. M., Gary, D. S., Beardslee, J., Prins, S. J., O'Malley, P. M., Rutherford, C., & Schulenberg, J. (2018). Joint effects of age, period, and cohort on conduct problems among American adolescents from 1991 through 2015. American Journal of Epidemiology, 187(3), 548-557. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx268

Khoddam, R., Cho, J., Jackson, N. J., & Leventhal, A. M. (2018). Diminished alternative reinforcement as a mechanism linking conduct problems and substance use in adolescence: A longitudinal examination. Addiction, 113(6), 1139-1148. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14160

Khoddam, R., & Leventhal, A. M. (2016). Alternative and complementary reinforcers as mechanisms linking adolescent conduct problems and substance use. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 24(5), 376-389. https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000088

Kloft, L., Hawes, D., Moul, C., Sultan, S., & Dadds, M. (2017). Family drawings before and after treatment for child conduct problems: Fluidity of family dysfunction. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26(12), 3476-3489. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0841-2

López-Romero, L., Romero, E., & Villar, P. (2017). Developmental trajectories of youth conduct problems: Testing later development and related outcomes in a 12-year period. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 48(4), 619-631. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-016-0686-8

Luzanil, S. T., & Turnip, S. S. (2021). The strengths and difficulties questionnaire self-report: sensitivity and specificity testing to identify conduct problems in Indonesian adolescents. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 13(4), 226-237. https://doi.org/10.1108/JACPR-01-2021-0569

Macmillan Dictionary. (2021a). Definition of conduct. In Macmillan Dictionary. Retrieved November 2021, from https://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/conduct_1

Macmillan Dictionary. (2021b). Definition of problem. In Macmillan Dictionary. Retrieved November 2021, from https://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/problem

McDonough-Caplan, H., Klein, D. N., & Beauchaine, T. P. (2018). Comorbidity and continuity of depression and conduct problems from elementary school to adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 127(3), 326-337. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000339

McMahon, R. J., & Frick, P. J. (2005). Evidence-based assessment of conduct problems in children and adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 34(3), 477-505. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp3403_6

Merriam-Webster Dictionary. (2021a). Definition of conduct. In Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved November 2021, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/conduct

Merriam-Webster Dictionary. (2021b). Definition of problem. In Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved November 2021, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/problems

Molleda, L., Estrada, Y., Lee, T. K., Poma, S., Terán, A. M. Q., Tamayo, C. C., Bahamon, M., Tapia, M. I., Velázquez, M. R., Pantin, H., & Prado, G. (2017). Short-term effects on family communication and adolescent conduct problems: Familias unidas in Ecuador. Prevention Science, 18(7), 783-792. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-016-0744-2

Moore, K. J. (2001). Prevention of crime and delinquency. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2910-2914. https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/01365-6

Muñoz-Silva, A., Lago-Urbano, R., Sanchez-Garcia, M., & Carmona-Márquez, J. (2017). Child/adolescent's ADHD and parenting stress: The mediating role of family impact and conduct problems. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02252

Nehemiah, N., & Turnip, S. S. (2018). The prevalence and psychosocial risk factors for psychotic-like experiences (PLE) among high school students in Jakarta. Asia-Pacific Psychiatry, 10(4), e12337. https://doi.org/10.1111/appy.12337

Pandia, V., Noviandhari, A., Amelia, I., Hidayat, G. H., Fadlyana, E., & Dhamayanti, M. (2021). Association of mental health problems and socio-demographic factors among adolescents in Indonesia. Global Pediatric Health, 8, 2333794X211042223. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X211042223

Piotrowska, P. J., Tully, L. A., Collins, D. A. J., Sawrikar, V., Hawes, D., Kimonis, E. R., Lenroot, R. K., Moul, C., Anderson, V., Frick, P. J., & Dadds, M. R. (2020). ParentWorks: Evaluation of an online, father-inclusive, universal parenting intervention to reduce child conduct problems. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 51(4), 503-513. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-019-00934-0

Ren, L., Xu, Y., Guo, X., Zhang, J., Wang, H., Lou, X., Liang, J., & Tao, F. (2018). Body image as risk factor for emotional and behavioral problems among Chinese adolescents. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1179. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6079-0

Ristkari, T., Mishina, K., Lehtola, M.-M., Sourander, A., & Kurki, M. (2020). Public health nurses' experiences of assessing disruptive behaviour in children and supporting the use of an Internet-based parent training programme. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 34(2), 420-427. https://doi.org/10.1111/scs.12744

Roberts, R., McCrory, E., Joffe, H., De Lima, N., & Viding, E. (2018). Living with conduct problem youth: Family functioning and parental perceptions of their child. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 27(5), 595-604. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-017-1088-6

Salmanian, M., Asadian-koohestani, F., & Mohammadi, M. R. (2017). A systematic review on the prevalence of conduct disorder in the Middle East. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 52(11), 1337-1343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-017-1414-9

Sampson, R. J. (2001). Sociology of Delinquency. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 3380-3384. https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/01859-3

Schoenmacker, G. H., Sakala, K., Franke, B., Buitelaar, J. K., Veidebaum, T., Harro, J., Heskes, T., Claassen, T., & Alejandro, A. V. (2020). Identification and validation of risk factors for antisocial behaviour involving police. Psychiatry Research, 291, 113208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113208

Schoeps, K., Mónaco, E., Cotolí, A., & Montoya-Castilla, I. (2020). The impact of peer attachment on prosocial behavior, emotional difficulties and conduct problems in adolescence: The mediating role of empathy. PloS One, 15(1), e0227627. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227627

Scourfield, J., Van den Bree, M., Martin, N., & McGuffin, P. (2004). Conduct problems in children and adolescents: A twin study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61(5), 489-496. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.61.5.489

Sentse, M., Kretschmer, T., de Haan, A., & Prinzie, P. (2017). Conduct problem trajectories between age 4 and 17 and their association with behavioral adjustment in emerging adulthood. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 46, 1633-1642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-016-0476-4

Sheldrick, E. C. (1995). Delinquency: Risk factors and treatment interventions. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 8(6), 362-365.

Sönmez, A. Ö., Yavuz, B. G., Aka, S., & Semiz, S. (2019). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and conduct problems in children and adolescents with obesity. Şişli Etfal Hastanesi Tip Bülteni, 53(3), 300-305. https://doi.org/10.14744/SEMB.2019.09475

Sulistiowati, N. M. D., Keliat, B. A., Wardani, I. Y., Aldam, S. F. S., Triana, R., & Florensa, M. V. A. (2019). Comprehending mental health in indonesian's adolescents through mental, emotional, and social well-being. Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing, 42(sup1), 277-283. https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2019.1594460

UNICEF. (2005). Adolescent development: Perspectives and frameworks- A discussion paper. New York: United Nations Children’s Fund/UNICEF.

Walker, L. O., & Avant, K. C. (2019). Strategies for theory construction in nursing (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

Wesseldijk, L. W., Bartels, M., Vink, J. M., van Beijsterveldt, C. E. M., Ligthart, L., Boomsma, D. I., & Middeldorp, C. M. (2018). Genetic and environmental influences on conduct and antisocial personality problems in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 27(9), 1123-1132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-017-1014-y

Wiguna, T., Manengkei, P., Pamela, C., Rheza, A., & Hapsari, W. (2016). Masalah emosi dan perilaku pada anak dan remaja di poliklinik jiwa anak dan remaja RSUPN dr. Ciptomangunkusumo (RSCM), Jakarta [Emotional and behavioral problems in children and adolescents at the child and adolescent psychiatric polyclinic at RSUPN dr. Ciptomangunkusumo (RSCM), Jakarta]. Sari Pediatri, 12(4), 270-277. https://doi.org/10.14238/sp12.4.2010.270-7

Young, J. L. (2015). Untreated mental illness: Understanding the effects. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/when-your-adult-child-breaks-your-heart/201512/untreated-mental-illness


Readers are able to give us their valuable feedbacks here. The comments will be reviewed by the editors and then published here. Important Note: The "Comments" related to the Galley Proof PDF must NOT be submitted via this form. Authors should submit their comments on their galley proofs only via system