Background
As one of the human needs for belongingness and intimacy, sexuality is common and vital at all stages of life, similar to the need to belong and physical desire; it is also part of our human rights (Giami, 2015). Cravings for sex and closeness continue in older adults, but the means of sexual expression may alter with age. In addition to direct sexual encounters, older adults can express their sexuality through embracing, fondling, kissing, holding hands, caressing, or maintaining physical proximity. However, changes associated with aging can affect their sexuality. A comprehensive study found that health, rather than age, has the greatest influence on sexuality. Physical constraints or specific health issues can create challenges in sexual activity among older adults (Freak Poli, 2020). Therefore, it is essential for older adults to maintain overall well-being, not only in physical and mental health but also in their sexual health.
Loss of sexuality in the aging population is often viewed as a normal and inevitable part of aging. Despite the stereotype that older men are asexual, many continue to have active sexual lives. This widespread misconception may stem from misunderstandings about older adults’ sexual behavior, the difficulties they face in discussing sexual issues with medical professionals, and the perception that sexuality is less important compared to their medical conditions (Chung, 2019).
Moreover, emotional problems can also influence sexuality at any age. Some older individuals experience stress from health issues, financial troubles, and other lifestyle changes, which can lead to a decline in interest and desire for sex if the person is depressed. Good sexual experiences involve dynamic motivational, emotional, and cognitive interaction. Consequently, deficiencies in recognizing and regulating emotions may contribute to the emergence and persistence of sexual issues (Fischer et al., 2022).
All sexual acts are motivated by sexual attraction, which can diminish with age. Decreased sexual attraction is not unusual among older men, as testosterone levels and the aging process are inversely related. As a result, erectile dysfunction, defined as the persistent inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for intercourse, is a common issue. Men must have a healthy penile erection to engage in sexual activity. Those with erectile dysfunction often report significant interpersonal issues, psychosexual pressures, and a lack of confidence, all of which can exacerbate the underlying condition. Realistic goals and education about various therapeutic options are essential for older men experiencing dysfunction (Chung, 2019).
On the other hand, some studies suggest that women experience a more significant age-related decline in sexual interest and desire compared to men. Research comparing sexual engagement among older men and women supports this claim. According to Freihart and Meston (2024), about 30% of women aged 80 to 102 engage in sexual activity, compared to 63% of men in the same age range. Additionally, approximately 56% of married women over 60 participate in sexual activity, compared to 75% of married men.
Two main factors contribute to the reduced sexual desire of postmenopausal women: diminished vaginal lubrication and weakening of the vaginal lining, which can cause pain during intercourse. In many cases, when these symptoms are alleviated through medication, sexual desire returns. Furthermore, low levels of bioavailable testosterone may also reduce women’s sexual inclination. While it has been proposed that there is a threshold of circulating androgen below which desire is affected, no absolute level of testosterone is required for sexual desire. Hormonal changes following menopause may also account for reports of increased sexual desire in older women (Handy et al., 2022).
A study found slight variations in sexual behavior among women throughout their lives. About 68% of women between the ages of 39 and 50, 65% of women aged 51 to 64, and 74% of women over 65 reported having sex at least once a week (Meston, n.d.). Although the frequency of masturbation tends to decrease with age, about half of healthy older women still engage in this behavior. According to a Danish study, 9% of women report increased sexual desire at or after menopause, contrasting with reports of decreased sexual desire with age (Handy et al., 2022; Meston, n.d.).
Consequently, men and women experience different levels of satisfaction with their sexual lives, and this disparity varies significantly between age groups. These findings highlight the need for healthcare professionals to consider older adults’ sexual orientation when providing care. A study by Stentagg et al. (2021) revealed that approximately 10% of participants, regardless of gender, remained sexually active after the age of 90.
Given this context, the study aimed to explore the sexual life experiences of older adults living in the countryside. The findings will help older adults better cope with the changes associated with sexual health, enabling them to address their physical, emotional, and psychological needs.
Methods
Study Design
A qualitative descriptive phenomenological approach, based on Husserlian phenomenology, was employed to investigate the sexuality of older adults living in the countryside. This method focuses on understanding how individuals perceive and interpret their sexuality, providing a solid foundation for theoretical insights and methodological precision in qualitative research (Abalos et al., 2016).
Participants
Qualitative sampling began with volunteer informants and expanded through purposive sampling. Participants were selected based on predetermined inclusion criteria to ensure focused inquiry. Homogeneous sampling allowed for an in-depth exploration of experiences. The criteria of the participants included: 1) individuals aged 60 years or older; 2) natural-born Filipino males or females residing in Cebu province; 3) individuals in a relationship for at least ten years; 4) those of sound mind; and 5) individuals who voluntarily agreed to participate. Data saturation was achieved after interviewing ten respondents in Carcar, Pinamungajan, and Toledo City, Cebu, Philippines.
Data Collection
Data collection commenced after receiving Ethics Review Committee approval in June 2023. Researchers performed bracketing prior to interviews. Participants signed informed consent forms before scheduling one-on-one, face-to-face interviews. Practical details regarding the interview process, including the use of a tape recorder and the interview location, were discussed. Each interview lasted approximately one hour and was guided by a semi-structured, researcher-made interview guide comprising warm-up, main, and probing questions. Open-ended questions allowed participants to express their experiences freely. The central question was, “Can you describe your experiences of sexuality as an older adult?” Data were collected from September to December 2023, transcribed, and reviewed multiple times for thorough understanding.
Data Analysis
Colaizzi’s process for phenomenological data analysis was utilized to analyze the narrative accounts (Colaizzi, 1978). This approach emphasizes a detailed portrayal of lived experiences (Morrow et al., 2015). The steps included reading each transcript multiple times to gain a general understanding, extracting significant statements, formulating meanings from these statements, and sorting them into categories and themes. Findings were integrated into a comprehensive account of the phenomenon, and validation was sought from participants to ensure accuracy.
Trustworthiness
Several strategies were employed to enhance the study’s trustworthiness. Person triangulation involved auxiliary participants verifying key participants’ statements. Time triangulation consisted of asking the same questions at different intervals during the interviews. Method triangulation combined individual interviews with researcher observations and self-reflection to confirm findings.
Ethical Considerations
This study was ethically approved and given a certificate of exemption by the Cebu Normal University Ethics Committee dated June 20, 2023 (no. 557/2023-06). Informed consent was done prior to data collection. Participants were assured of voluntary involvement, anonymity, and confidentiality, with discussions limited to the research team. They could choose to answer only the questions they felt comfortable with, and they could withdraw from the study at any time until data analysis was completed. Participants were assigned codes ranging from P1 to P10. Additionally, all data collected were securely stored and were used for the purposes of this research, ensuring that participants' rights and welfare were upheld throughout the study.
Results
Table 1 presents a demographic and health overview of ten participants, predominantly aged between 60 and 73 years. The majority are college graduates and are all married, with years of marriage ranging from 30 to 43. Most participants are retired employees, while a few are housewives or daily wage workers, indicating a mix of occupational backgrounds. They all live with their spouses. Health issues are prevalent, with many participants reporting conditions such as diabetes and hypertension, and some engage in occasional drinking or smoking. Monthly pensions vary significantly, ranging from Php 5,000 to Php 11,000, reflecting diverse financial situations within this group.
| Participant (p) | Age/Sex | Education | Civil status | Years married | Occupation/Previous work | Living arrangement | Health status | Income |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1 | 70 / Male | College Graduate | Married | 38 | Retired employee | Living with spouse | Occasional drinker Nonsmoker Diabetic, No child |
Php 11,000.00 |
| P2 | 67 / Female | College Graduate | Married | 38 | Retired employee | Living with spouse | Nonsmoker Diabetic, No child With hypertension |
Php 6,000.00 monthly / pension |
| P3 | 73 / Male | College Graduate | Married | 40 | Retired teacher | Living with spouse | Nonsmoker, occasional drinker no comorbidities |
Php 7,000.00 monthly / pension |
| P4 | 66 / Male | College Graduate | Married | 39 | Retired employee | Living with spouse | Smoker Alcoholic drinker Diabetic with hypertension |
Php 5,000.00 monthly / pension |
| P5 | 60 / Female | College Graduate | Married | 39 | Housewife | Living with spouse | Diabetic | No pension |
| P6 | 70 / Female | College Graduate | Married | 43 | Retired employee | Living with spouse | Post total abdominal hysterectomy bilateral salphingo-oophorectomy | Php 6,000.00 monthly / pension |
| P7 | 62 / Female | High School Graduate | Married | 30 | Daily wage worker/ business | Living with spouse | Diabetic | Php 5,000.00 |
| P8 | 64 / Male | College Graduate | Married | 38 | Associate Secretary, Receptionist |
Living with spouse | With hypertension | Php 5,000.00 monthly / pension |
| P9 | 65 / Male | 2nd Year High School | Married | 40 | Tool keeper | Living with spouse | Diabetic | Php 6,000.00 monthly / income |
| P10 | 62 / Male | 3rd Year College Graduate | Married | 35 | Driver | Living with spouse | Diabetic with hypertension | Php 6,000.00 monthly / pension |
Following the analysis of significant statements and the formulation of meanings, three major themes emerged: 1) Being Centered: An actualized form of being sexual in later years; 2) Being Connected: A strong sense of being intimate in later years; and 3) Being Conveyed: Diversifying expression of being sexual in later years. Each theme is defined and elaborated upon in the following sections, supported by extracts from participant transcripts.
Theme 1. Being Centered: An actualized form of being sexual in later years
Older adults face physical and psychological changes that influence their sexual experiences. Despite these changes, they maintain a fulfilling sexual life. Participants expressed a strong sense of contentment as they navigated life in their later years.
Subtheme 1.1. Doing spiritual acts as an expression of love
The participants in the study related how they went through life and processed all the experiences that they met in the course of their married life as they viewed the expression of love as doing spiritual acts, as exemplified by these statements:
“Sexuality for me at 70 years old is not necessarily physical.” (Participant 1)
“In my daily sharing with friends, I always include my wife with the blessing of the holy trinity to bless us always.” (Participant 1)
“For my part, every morning, I use to put a cross sign on her forehead which is spiritual, and I say that God loves us.” (Participant 3)
Reaching old age is a significant milestone for many adults, often associated with achieving a balanced and healthy relationship. After navigating life’s challenges, the dynamics of a marital relationship may shift. Attaining old age can bring a sense of fulfillment in various areas, including marriage. At this stage, expressions of love among older adults often take on a deeper, spiritual dimension, which may still include sexual intimacy.
Subtheme 1.2. Having God in the center of the relationship
Some participants expressed that connection with God in older adults means putting God in the center of their relationship and marriage; thus, expressing their love towards each other emanates from the love of God and the reflection of God’s goodness in their marital life.
“Our intimacy is not only centered between the two of us but God-centered since I also came from the seminary” (Participant 3)
“God bless us, and we love each other.” (Participant 1)
Subtheme 1.3. Overcoming health limitations to foster a loving relationship
Some of the participants relate that even with a health condition, their relationship with their partners remains intact as they try to overcome health challenges to foster a loving relationship.
“Yes, I am diabetic, but our interaction with one another is still continuous even if there are many physical changes already in my body.” (Participant 1)
“Having diabetes doesn’t hinder us from finding time to do things that we want as a couple. This is attributed to our love with each other.” (Participant 2)
“Even if I underwent surgical menopause, I have to satisfy the desires of my husband so we both will be happy.” (Participant 6)
Subtheme 1.4. Positive outlook through maintaining optimal good health
Some participants indicated a positive outlook through maintaining optimal health:
“First of all, there is maintenance for the health like good nutrition, vitamins like malunggay.” (Participant 3)
“It is reality that when we have good or appropriate nutrition, our body, the heart, other parts are active and respond well to our sexual desire.” (Participant 5)
“I also exercise at home to address boredom and body weakness/aches.” (Participant 9)
Theme 2. Being Connected: A strong sense of being intimate (sexual) in later years
Sexual intimacy can remain a vibrant and essential aspect of relationships as people grow older. It underscores the idea that a strong emotional and physical connection can persist, evolve, and even deepen in later years despite changes associated with aging.
Subtheme 2.1. Deepening of genuine and authentic relations
Some participants described their relationships with their partners as genuine and enjoyable:
“Our communication with each other is genuine and authentic.” (Participant 4)
“My friendship with my wife is sincere and faithful coz without it, there can be no relationship without trust.” (Participant 5)
“Even if we have not been blessed with children in marriage, we enjoy each other’s company.” (Participant 2)
Communication skills, trust, respect, intimacy, vulnerability, and openness are essential in fostering a genuine relationship. Open, sincere, and judgment-free communication allows partners to express their needs and feelings without worrying about being judged or rejected. They actively listen to one another to comprehend and sympathize with one another. Respect is the basis of genuine relationships. Both spouses respect each other’s perspectives, limits, and autonomy. There is an atmosphere of equality and support, with choices made jointly and diversity celebrated. These aspects deepen genuine and authentic relationships in older adults.
Subtheme 2.2. Living a more satisfied and fulfilled life
Older adults actively seek and maintain activities that contribute to their happy and purposeful life. It included managing health, nurturing relationships, and engaging in activities that provide a sense of achievement and joy. Thus, older adult participants in the study worked to live a more satisfied and fulfilling life:
“We are still happy and loving with each other even if we are already older persons.” (Participant 8)
“We find satisfaction in other activities that promote intimacy.” (Participant 6)
“It feels so fulfilling since we are free to do what we want.” (Participant 2)
Subtheme 2.3. Maintaining the romance built through the years
The participants proved that effective communication has kept the romance in their relationship burning through the years in these statements:
“There is still romance in us as a couple. We are comfortable with each other.” (Participant 2)
“We did not forget the things we used to do before even if there are already changes as older persons unlike when we were still much younger.” (Participant 7)
“Even now, there is that romantic excitement “kilig” I can feel as an older person.” (Participant 10)
“Even if we don’t have sex anymore, we have other bonding activities that promote intimacy like hugging, gardening, singing, and enjoying the presence of our grandchildren.” (Participant 6)
Subtheme 2.4. Sustaining the sexual act as a form of intimacy
Some participants expressed they have maintained sexual activity as a meaningful and enriching part of their relationships as older adults:
“The most appropriate time for sex is between 3 am to 5 am for my sexual express desire due to the after effect from the evening. I feel that it’s appropriate to do it at this time.” (Participant 3)
“Sex is only one way of expressing my love for my wife.” (Participant 9)
“If my husband wants to have sex with me, it’s ok since it is my obligation to him.” (Participant 8)
“At my age now, I still have little interest in sex. My husband still wants to have sex with me even once a month.” (Participant 10)
Theme 3. Being Conveyed: Diversifying expression of being sexual in later years
Sexuality is a complex and diverse element of human existence that includes not just physical wants but also emotional ties, self-identity, and the ways people express intimacy.
Subtheme 3.1. Conveying physical intimacy
Some of the participants convey physical intimacy in various ways:
“We are not ashamed to express ourselves with each other even if there are misunderstandings to agree with each other.” (Participant 2)
“Even if we don’t have sex anymore, we have other bonding activities that promote intimacy like hugging, gardening, singing, and enjoying the presence of our grandchildren.” (Participant 6)
“We only hold hands and kiss to show some sex with my partner.” (Participant 7)
Subtheme 3.2. Respect for mutuality
The participants showed respect for mutuality to their partners by the following statements:
“When I have sexual needs, it should be mutual since I also understand if she can’t do it.” (Participant 1)
“We are contented and happy as long as we don’t fight or have misunderstandings.” (Participant 5)
“If he really insists on having sex, which I already find annoying, but he also understands my behavior.” (Participant 6)
Subtheme 3.3. Sexuality is an expression of affection to a loved one
Some participants stated that the presence of love equates to having a sexual desire and affection for their partner:
“As long as there is love, there is an erection. Without love, no erection.” (Participant 3)
“When there is love, there is sexual desire.” (Participant 10)
“Sexuality is the expression of affection to your loved one.” (Participant 4)
Other participants showed satisfaction in their sexual life regardless of advancing age:
“It really feels very satisfying, and there is contentment as we still are able to enjoy our sexual life despite being older persons.” (Participant 7)
On the other hand, a participant also indicated the use of non-sexual contact as an expression of affection:
“Usually, we talked with my husband, hugged, and bonded together at home.” (Participant 6)
Subtheme 4. Developing meaningful communications for sexual expression and affection
A successful sexual relationship is built on meaningful communication, which allows partners to openly communicate their desires, fantasies, and limits. Some of the participants recalled that there were times that they were just feeling not that good to be doing other things; instead, they wanted to rest and relax:
“The physical expression of sexuality now has diminished.” (Participant 1)
“It’s more of conversation or communication with each other only.” (Participant 4)
“No more sex.” (Participant 5)
“For me, sexuality in older persons or my age is expressed through communication or conversation with my partner.” (Participant 8)
Discussion
Summary of the Findings
Theme 1. Being Centered: An actualized form of being sexual in later years
Being centered means that sexuality remains an integral part of life in later years, allowing individuals to embrace and express their sexuality in a mature way as they age. The concept of “actualized sexuality” in older adults counters the assumption that sexual activity and desire diminish with age, celebrating the diverse nature of sexual expression (Rykkje, 2018). This journey involves accepting changes related to aging, including shifts in health and sexual functionality, and discovering new ways to enjoy intimacy (Towler et al., 2023).
In this context, spirituality emerges as a significant expression of love for older adults, encompassing the desire to give and receive affection while providing life with purpose. Spirituality fosters deep connections with oneself, others, and God, often described as “love in action” (Rykkje, 2018). Some participants in related studies emphasized the importance of a God-centered relationship, prioritizing devotion to a Higher Being. This approach fosters mutual support during challenges and emphasizes the essence of sacrificial love (Youvan, 2024).
Research further highlights that a close relationship with God correlates with higher life satisfaction and a stronger sense of purpose. A deepened spiritual connection can lead to greater contentment and peace, reducing the reliance on external stimulation (Culver, 2021). However, health limitations can strain these relationships, particularly when one partner faces chronic illness, creating challenges for both individuals (Rolland, 1994).
To maintain stable relationships, older adults may need to reconsider their roles and emotional needs, as these factors significantly impact physical and mental health. Healthy relationships can enhance recovery by providing essential support and affirmation (Feeney & Collins, 2015). A positive family environment is crucial for psychological health and well-being, as it offers vital social support (Grevenstein et al., 2019).
Quality of life, wellness, and well-being are also important in shaping consumer perceptions (Meiselman, 2016). Engaging in regular physical activity has been linked to improved mental health (Mikkelsen et al., 2017), while good mental health is associated with better physical health outcomes. Activities such as meditation and self-reflection can further enhance happiness and overall well-being (Mummery et al., 2004).
However, aging can impact intimacy due to physical changes that may affect self-image and attraction, potentially hindering closeness and fulfilling sexual experiences (Rheaume & Mitty, 2008). Addressing these changes requires a holistic understanding of the interconnectedness of physical, emotional, and relational health, emphasizing the importance of supportive environments and personal well-being in navigating intimacy in later life.
Theme 2. Being Connected: A strong sense of being intimate (sexual) in later years
Being connected involves nurturing meaningful relationships—romantic, familial, or platonic—that foster closeness, understanding, and support. In old age, intimacy can manifest as emotional closeness, companionship, and affection, which enhance overall well-being and quality of life. Deepening authentic and genuine relationships can also enrich sexuality in later years. Research indicates that living authentically aligns with eudaimonic well-being, promoting honesty and vulnerability in relationships (Smallenbroek et al., 2017). This authenticity fosters trust and deeper connections, allowing partners to accept each other’s imperfections and create genuine bonds.
Trust is foundational to authenticity; partners rely on each other’s words and actions. A study highlights that love can reinforce the positive aspects of marriage, demonstrating the delicate balance between commitment and vulnerability (Langhamer, 2019). Additionally, life satisfaction—shaped by relationships and personal development—significantly affects overall happiness (Ackerman et al., 2018). Thus, maintaining romance requires constant communication and sensitivity to each partner’s needs, as romance inherently involves intimacy and mutual affection (American Psychological Association [APA)], 2009). This concept of romance can often be defined as the effort to court favor through personal attention, gifts, or flattery (Merriam Webster, n.d.).
Effective communication is crucial for sustaining romance, as it fosters intimacy and understanding (Wrench et al., 2020). Moreover, trust and commitment are essential; partners must be honest and willing to invest in their relationship. For a healthy partnership, both parties should be able to make informed decisions about their commitments (Salzman, 2017). Commitment not only fosters stability and security but also enhances emotional support, which strengthens intimacy.
Ultimately, long-term romantic relationships benefit significantly from the sense of emotional intimacy, which is closely linked to sustained sexual activity and desire. Research shows that higher levels of intimacy correlate with increased sexual desire in both men and women, suggesting that emotional closeness positively influences sexual connection (Van Lankveld et al., 2018).
Theme 3. Being Conveyed: Diversifying expression of being sexual in later years
Being conveyed involves embracing and celebrating the diversity of sexuality recognizing individuals’ agency to express their desires in unique ways. This includes exploring new forms of sexual expression, challenging societal norms, and advocating for sexual rights and inclusivity among older populations. Sexuality is a fundamental aspect of human life, encompassing not just procreation but also pleasure. Diverse sexual orientations and behaviors can impact mental health, while political or religious beliefs may discriminate against certain expressions, often labeling them as abnormal or requiring medical attention. It’s crucial to acknowledge that sexuality includes a range of non-procreative behaviors, ideas, and attractions (Ventriglio & Bhugra, 2019).
Physical intimacy, characterized by sensuous proximity or contact, often conveys emotions that words cannot. It can occur in various forms, such as holding hands, embracing, and kissing, and is typically exchanged among individuals with existing relationships. Love manifests through physical intimacy, reflecting passion, attachment, and trust (Karandashev, 2019).
Mutual respect plays a vital role in expressing sexuality. This involves recognizing and honoring each person’s autonomy and dignity, regardless of their background or beliefs. A respectful relationship acknowledges the opinions and boundaries of both parties, serving as the foundation for effective communication and trust (Wallerstein, 2019).
Emotional intelligence, which includes understanding each other’s feelings, further enhances mutual respect. Emotions such as love and jealousy significantly influence relationships and the ability to uphold commitments (Salzman, 2017). Therefore, a flourishing relationship relies on a complex interplay of communication, trust, empathy, and shared values.
Sexual expression is crucial in romantic relationships as it facilitates communication, connection, and pleasure. Dr. Helen Fisher notes that sexual expression is deeply tied to feelings of love and well-being. Additionally, research indicates that relationship satisfaction and sexual well-being are interconnected; addressing sexual issues can enhance marital distress prevention (McNulty et al., 2016).
Active listening also plays an essential role in fostering understanding. Individuals who receive active listening responses feel more validated than those who receive mere acknowledgments (Weger Jr et al., 2014). Thus, practicing active listening and creating a nonjudgmental atmosphere can support sexual exploration and expression.
Implications for Nursing Practice
This study has several implications for nursing practice. First, nurses should adopt a holistic care approach that recognizes the diverse expressions of sexuality in older adults, understanding that these factors significantly influence overall well-being. Effective communication is essential; nurses must practice active listening and foster a supportive environment that encourages open discussions about sexual health and intimacy. Additionally, education and advocacy for the sexual rights of older adults are crucial, as providing resources empowers patients to express their sexuality confidently. Regular assessments should include conversations about intimacy needs, ensuring that care plans are tailored to enhance quality of life. Furthermore, collaboration with other healthcare professionals can provide comprehensive care that addresses both physical and emotional aspects of sexual health. Cultural competence is also vital, as awareness of diverse beliefs about sexuality can improve patient-provider interactions. Finally, geriatric nurses can play a role in developing policies that support the sexual health and rights of older adults, ensuring their needs are recognized and addressed within healthcare settings.
Limitations of the Study
This study has several limitations that should be acknowledged. First, the sample size of ten participants may limit the generalizability of the findings, as the focus on older adults in Cebu may not reflect the experiences of those in different regions or cultural contexts. To address these limitations, future research should aim for larger and more diverse samples that include older adults from various geographical and cultural backgrounds, enhancing the generalizability of the findings. A mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data, would also offer a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing sexual expression and well-being among older adults. Additionally, exploring intersectional factors, such as gender, socioeconomic status, and cultural background, could enrich the context of sexual experiences in this population. Future studies might also focus on specific aspects of sexuality, such as sexual health and intimacy, or investigate the role of social support networks in influencing sexual well-being.
Conclusion
Despite advancing age, older adults can remain “active” in their intimate relationships and achieve a healthy marital life with a sense of life satisfaction. They express their love for their partners in various ways by being centered, connected, and attuned to each other’s needs and feelings. The exploration of sexuality in older adults reveals a complex and multifaceted phenomenon shaped by a range of factors, including spirituality, physical and emotional health, relationships, and communication. While age-related changes can present challenges to intimacy and sexual expression, many older adults are able to cultivate fulfilling and meaningful relationships characterized by mutual respect, trust, and emotional intelligence. By embracing their unique experiences and desires, older adults can create a sense of authenticity and connection essential for their well-being and happiness. Furthermore, the findings suggest that romance, intimacy, and sexual expression are vital components of romantic relationships, and cultivating these aspects can positively impact overall relationship satisfaction and longevity. Ultimately, the importance of sexuality in older adults underscores the need for greater recognition and understanding of their diverse experiences and needs. Healthcare professionals, including nurses, should provide support and resources that promote healthy aging and well-being, ensuring that older adults feel empowered to discuss and explore their sexual health openly.